Which of the Twelve Tribes of Israel Was Black?

Genesis 9:18-19 [18] The sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham and Japheth. (Ham was the father of Canaan.) [19] These were the three sons of Noah, and from them came the people who were scattered over the earth.

Genesis 10:6 The sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Put and Canaan.

The descendants of Cush settled in Ethiopia.  The descendants of Mizraim settled in Egypt.  The Hebrew name for the country of Egypt is Mizraim.  The English name "Egypt" comes from the Greek word aegyptos, not from Arabic or Hebrew.

The descendants of Ham gradually populated Africa and are Hamitic. The descendants of Shem became the Semitics. Egyptians are Hamitic, not Semitic, even though they now speak a dialect of Arabic, a Semitic language.

Abraham was the father of Isaac.

Genesis 21:2-3 [2] Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the very time God had promised him. [3] Abraham gave the name Isaac to the son Sarah bore him.

Isaac was the father of Jacob a/k/a Israel.

Genesis 25:21 Isaac prayed to the LORD on behalf of his wife, because she was barren. The LORD answered his prayer, and his wife Rebekah became pregnant.

Genesis 25:26 After this, his brother came out, with his hand grasping Esau's heel; so he was named Jacob. Isaac was sixty years old when Rebekah gave birth to them.

Genesis 32:27-28 [27] The man [Jesus, in a pre-birth appearance, technically known as a theophany, i.e., an appearance of God] asked him, "What is your name?" "Jacob," he answered. [28] Then the man said, "Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with men and have overcome."

Jacob a/k/a Israel had twelve sons.

Genesis 35:22b-26a Jacob had twelve sons:
[23] The sons of Leah: Reuben the firstborn of Jacob,
Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar and Zebulun.
[24] The sons of Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.
[25] The sons of Rachel's maidservant Bilhah: Dan and Naphtali.
[26a] The sons of Leah's maidservant Zilpah: Gad and Asher.

Genesis 49:28 All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, . . .

Joseph was Jacob/Israel's son.

Genesis 35:24 The sons of Rachel: Joseph and Benjamin.

Joseph had an Egyptian (Hamitic) wife.

Genesis 41:45a Pharaoh gave Joseph the name Zaphenath-Paneah and gave him Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On, to be his wife.

Joseph's Egyptian wife bore two sons.

Genesis 41:50-52 [50] Before the years of famine came, two sons were born to Joseph by Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On. [51] Joseph named his firstborn Manasseh and said, "It is because God has made me forget all my trouble and all my father's household." [52] The second son he named Ephraim and said, "It is because God has made me fruitful in the land of my suffering."

The tribe of Joseph descended from these two sons.